In order for bear spray to be effective and ward off an imminent bear attack, it is important to follow a few guidelines when using it. If, under stress, you are unable to remove the safety clip or if you spray the contents while the bear is still far away, it may not help you.

This is why we recommend that you familiarise yourself properly with your bear spray before you enter an area where bears may occur. The operation principle of the bear spray is simple – the contents of the spray with the active substance are pressurised in a closed metal container with a nozzle. When the safety clip is released and the trigger is pulled, it begins to spray rapidly at a distance of 7–10 metres, creating a dense aerosol cloud with capsaicin – a substance that causes a burning sensation.

Here are some tips on how to use bear spray properly in order to maximise its effect:

Always carry the spray where you can reach it – in a holster on your belt or chest. Take it out when you encounter a bear.

With your thumb, pull the plastic safety under the trigger by pulling it backwards (towards you) to release the spray.

Hold the spray firmly with both your hands – one hand holding the top of the spray with the trigger, the other holding the spray container.

Point the spray in front of you, slightly downwards towards the bear (the aerosol cloud tends to rise upwards slightly).

IMPORTANT: Do not use the spray until the bear is within a close range, approximately 12 metres away from you. At that time, briefly squeeze the trigger all the way down to the stop, which will create a protective cloud the bear will run into.

If the bear does not stop after it comes to contact with the cloud ejected from the spray, hold the trigger pushed down fully and aim at the bear’s face.

Once you have averted the attack, leave the scene immediately.

For more tips on how to use a bear spray, first aid to be administered after being hit by bear spray, as well as on the spray range and further information, read the following detailed article: Bear Spray: Range, Power, Effect, and Proper Use

Authors: J. Mrocek, L. Holásek of Gearcheckers portal